That's doable using CB Query Field in combination of CB Core Fields Ajax. Since you've CBSubs this makes things easier as you'll be able to use its database tables for this. The below should work.
Field: cb_country
Type: Query Drop Down (Single Select)
Parameters > Query
Query:
Code:
SELECT `country_iso_code2`, `country_name` FROM `#__comprofiler_countries`
Parameters > Options
Value Column: country_iso_code2
Label Column: country_name
Field: cb_state
Type: Query Drop Down (Single Select)
Parameters > Query
Query:
Code:
SELECT `province_iso_code`, `province_name` FROM `#__comprofiler_provinces` WHERE `country_iso_code2` = '[cb_country]'
Parameters > Options
Value Column: province_iso_code
Label Column: province_name
Integrations > CB Core Fields Ajax
Update On: cb_country
That should do the trick. Selecting country should reload the state dropdown for states relevant to that country.