Your query is reversed. Your SET should be for your field and your WHERE should be for your user id. As is you may have incorrectly broke user records doing that. Run the below to fix your records (note this only needs to be ran once.. generally just run it in phpmyadmin).
Code:
UPDATE `xxx_comprofiler` SET `user_id` = `id`
Next adjust your query to the below.
Code:
UPDATE `xxx_comprofiler` SET `cb_upgradeinformation` = '{Upgrade_information:value}' WHERE `id` = '{global:userid}'