Also I am yet to find this, but is there a way to manually trigger the sending of an invoice?
Nope, we've no way of emailing the users invoice at this time. That typically is done by the payment provider (e.g. if they use PayPal then PayPal typically will email them).
And in the case of a subscription expiring, do they get sent out at regular intervals 30 days before expiry, 15 days before, 5 days before etc?
No, we don't send expiration notices. You'd need to configure that with CBSubs Mailer.